DAILY PRELIMS NEWSLETTER (UPSC) |12 Mar 2021| RaghukulCS

Daily Prelims Newsletter For UPSC
| RaghukulCS

12 March 2021

Table Of Contents

Science and Technology 

  • Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX)

Economy

  • PCA Framework

Polity and Governance 

  • The Chief Minister
  • No-Confidence Motion (NCM) 

Art and Culture

  • Natyanjali Dance Festival

News in Short

  • Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Nidhi

Science and Technology

Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX)

Why in News?

Recently, Indian and Japanese space agencies reviewed cooperation on Lunar mission.

About LUPEX:

  • LUPEX is a robotic lunar mission concept by ISRO and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).
  • It proposes to send a lunar rover and lander to explore the south pole region of the Moon in 2024.
  • JAXA will provide the launch vehicle and the rover, while ISRO is responsible for the lander.
  • The funding and planning of the mission has not yet been formally finalised.

Economy

PCA Framework

Why in News?

LIC owned IDBI Bank recently exited PCA Framework.

About PCA (Prompt and Corrective Action) Framework:

  • PCA norms allow RBI to place certain restrictions like halting branch expansion and stopping dividend payment to the shareholders.
  • RBI can even cap a bank’s lending limit and exposure to one entity or sector.
  • Other corrective action that can be imposed on banks include:
    • special audit,
    • restructuring operations, and
    • activation of recovery plan.
    • The RBI can also supersede the bank’s board, under PCA.
  • The PCA is invoked when certain prescribed risk thresholds are breached based on, asset quality, profitability, capital, etc.
  • Another threshold, is maximum tolerance limit, which sets net NPA at over 12% and negative return on assets for four consecutive years.
Banks usual course of action post PCA categorisation:
  • Launch special drives to reduce the stock of NPAs
  • Contain generation of fresh NPAs.
  • Banks are also not allowed to enter into new lines of business.
  • RBI also imposes restrictions on the bank on borrowings from interbank market.

Polity and Governance

The Chief Minister:

Why in News?

Uttarakhand got its The Chief Minister is appointed by the governor.

About the office of CM:

  • The CM is appointed by the governor.
  • According to Constituional Provisions, the Chief Minister holds office during the pleasure of the Governor. However, in practice CM remains in office as long as he continues to be the leader of the majority in the State Legislative Assembly.
  • The Governor can dismiss him, if he loses his majority support in the house.
  • The State Legislative Assembly can also remove him by passing a motion of no-confidence against him.

Functions and Powers of the Chief Minister:

  • To Aid and Advice the Governor.
  • He is the Head of the Council of Ministers in the state.
  • He is the Leader of the House.
  • He has to communicate to Governor, all the decisions of the CoMpertaining to the administration of the state.
  • He can recommend dissolution of legislative assembly to the Governor.
  • He also advises the Governor regarding the summoning and proroguing the sessions of State Legislative Assembly.

No-Confidence Motion (NCM)

Why in News?

The NCM moved against the ruling government in the Haryana state assembly was defeated.

About NCM:

TheCoM is collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly and remains in office till it enjoys the confidence of majority in the house.

A motion of no-confidence is moved to remove the CoMand also to remove the government from the office.

As per the Article 75 of the Indian Constitution, CoM shall be collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha

As per Article 164, the CoM shall be collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly of the State.

    Lok Sabha/Legislative Assembly can remove the ministry from the office by passing a no-confidence motion.

Lok Sabha Rules mentions the procedure for a motion of no-confidence.

    If the government loses a confidence motion or if the no-confidence motion is accepted by the majority then the government has to resign.

    It can be moved only in the Lower House ie, Lok Sabha or state assembly as the case may be. It can’t be moved in the Rajya Sabha or state legislative council.

    The no-confidence motion is moved against the entire CoM and not individual ministers or private members.

Art and Culture

Natyanjali Dance Festival

Why in News?

Natyanjali dance festival is being organised in Chidambaram , Tamil Nadu.

About Natyanjali Dance Festival:

  • Natyanjali is an annual dance festival celebrating Hindu deity Shiva.
  • It started around 1981, and and the celebrations are most prominent at its original venue, the Chidambaram temple.
  • They are organsied at various places around across Tamil Nadu.
  • Various classical dance forms are performed and all offer their art to the God Nataraja.
  • Originally, Natyanjali is a Bharatanatyam composition praising Ganesha, Saraswati, Vishnu, Shiva, and many other gurus in Sanskrit Slokas.

About Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu

  • Nataraja Temple, is dedicated to Lord Nataraja – Shiva as the lord of dance.
  • The temple wall carvings display all the 108 karanas from the Natya Shastra by Bharata Muni referring these postures foundation of Bharatanatyam, the classical Indian dance.
  • The temple was built in the 10th century when Chidambaram was the capital of the Chola dynasty.
  • Shiva as Nataraja is the primary deity of the temple.
  • It also presents themes from Shaktism, Vaishnavism, and other traditions of Hinduism.
  • The temple has Dravidian architecture.

 Key Points about Dravida Style of Temple Architecture:

  • The Dravida temple is enclosed within a compound wall, unlike the Nagara style.
  • The front wall’s entrance gateway is known as a gopuram.
  • The shape of the main temple tower (of Chief Deity) is known as Vimana.
    • Vimana is a stepped pyramid that rises up geometrically, different from the curving Shikhara of Nagara style.
  • Mostly, a large water reservoir, or the temple tank, is enclosed within the complex.

News in Short

Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Nidhi

  • Union Cabinet has recently approved the creation of Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Nidhi (PMSSN).
  • It will be a single non-lapsable reserve fund for Health from the proceeds of Health and Education Cess.
  • The accruals into the PMSSN will be utilised for the schemes of the Health Ministry like Ayushmann Bharat–PMJAY, National Health Mission and Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY).
  • It will also be used for disaster preparedness, and responses during health emergencies.
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