1)There is a need for rapidly expanding genomic sequencing, sharing related data in a timely and transparent manner, and understanding of the impact of new variants on transmissibility, severity and vaccine effectiveness. Discuss .

2) Disinformation is thus not the “cause but the consequence of societal crises and the breakdown of public trust in institutions”. In the light of this statement discuss the strategies to “address disinformation”. How does one decide on a sustainable mix of regulatory with penal regimes? How may these yield to the new criminological approach stressing the three Ds — decriminalisation, de-penalisation and deinstitutionalisation?